make whole

スターバックスが組合を設立しようとする従業員側と対立しているという話は以前にも聞いていました。

ニューヨーク州の店舗で組合活動に関わっている従業員を解雇したのは不当という司法判断が下されたと報じられています。

New York (CNN) — Starbucks has displayed "egregious and widespread misconduct" in its dealings with employees involved in efforts to unionize Buffalo, New York, stores, a National Labor Relations Board judge said in an order Wednesday.

As a result, the company must reinstate and make whole a number of workers who were let go from locations in or around Buffalo, among other remedies, NLRB administrative law judge Michael Rosas said.

The case includes 32 unfair labor charges made by Workers United against the company for its actions between August 2021 and July 2022 at 21 stores in the Buffalo area, including the first Starbucks location to unionize.

(Danielle Wiener-Bronner. Starbucks displayed 'egregious and widespread misconduct' in union fight, judge says. CNN. March 01, 2023.)

裁判官はスターバックス社に対し、解雇された従業員に償うよう命令したようです。そのくだり、

the company must reinstate and make whole a number of workers who were let go from locations in or around Buffalo, among other remedies…

という部分ですが、"reinstate"は地位の回復、つまり解雇を取り消し、従業員として改めて雇用するという意味と分かるのですが、

make whole

の意味を掴みあぐねました。

"whole"には全体とか全部、完全、という意味があります。また、無傷の、壊れていない、といった意味合いもあって、辞書には"make whole"で元の完全な状態に戻すとか修繕するといったような用例が見られますが、記事のようなコンテクストにふさわしい記述は見当たりません。

他のメディアの記事を見てみます。

An administrative law judge has ordered Starbucks to rehire seven Buffalo area workers involved in union activity and give back pay and damages to dozens of others who lost wages due to company retaliation, Starbucks Workers United reported Wednesday.

(Dale Anderson. Judge orders Starbucks to rehire workers, provide back pay. The Buffalo News. March 1, 2023.)

これを読むと、"reinstate"は"rehire"、"make whole"は、

give back pay and damages

に相当、つまり金銭的な補償をする、ということかと思われました。

ところで、"make whole"には法律用語の側面があるようで、今回のような雇用、労働に関わる話に関しては、労働者の権利を擁護するというコンテクストで"make-whole relief"という概念があるようです。

Make-whole relief means simply that the contractor restores the victim of discrimination to the position, both economically and in terms of status, that he or she would have occupied had the discrimination not occurred. This relief usually involves placing the person in his or her rightful place, meaning placing the person in the job the person would have occupied with the seniority he or she would have had if not for the discrimination.

(U.S. Department of Labor)